The longer civil war in Africa, prides paid 2.5 millions lives and no one is responsible? by Luke Chuol

It has been recorded as the longest civil war in the continent of Africa; the Sudan civil war the longest and highest prides pay by South Sudanese. Then, the emerged confrontations between the South and the North began during independent process in late 1940s and 1950s. The on and off civil war that was fought for so many years, but here is a simple question as to why no one ever been questioned or brought to justice for the death of 2.5 millions people and over 4 millions was displace in South Sudan?  The rebellions were clear, Muslims in the North and Christians in the South, the Christians are African in the South and the Muslims are Arab toward Middle East.

The rich history of South Sudan that was never documented come with full rebellions which dated back in 1800s, as we are still learning more about it. Sudan was colonized by Europeans which mean British, The Angola-Egyptians rules and many more turns my British officers in the region in early 1900s. As we are learning about how long this war was and how deadly it became, there are unanswered questions emerging as we close to clinching to independent. The circumstances circulated around the nature of how long this war was and why no one have ever trial or be responsible for it? To prepare yourself with these questions you have to bring Cambodia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Serbia, and many more on the table, in order to have a full good knowledge about similarities of these cases presented here or that of Darfur and Libya at the presence time. The following quote is about Darfur in 2004 "This is not an unavoidable ethnic conflict. It is a tragedy deliberately created by the government's support for the Janjawid and fuelled by total impunity for grave violations of human rights", said Amnesty International, May 03, 2004. So, you have to ask yourself with the following questions:

  Did rebellions against Europeans colonization by Southerners such as, Nuer and Azande resistances have something to do with it? Or of the “1881 Unsuccessful attempts to conquer the South Sudan by the Mahdists, 1901 The Nuer and Azande wage armed resistance against colonial rule, killing British officers and soldiers and the Governor of Bahr el Ghazal, 1924 Abortive uprising against Condominium rule led by a South Sudan national, Ali Abdel Latif, probably a descendent of slaves, 1955 Southern Party renamed Liberal Party, holds first Conference in Juba, Stansilaus Paysama as President and Both Dieu as Secretary-General. They demand for Federation for South Sudan, 1955 the trial of Elia Kuze, the Liberal Member of Parliament, first South Sudan nationalist who led resistance against Gellaba rule in Yambio. The Azande demanded that South Sudan not be ruled by or be dominated by the "false so-called Northern brothers." Bloody riots erupts in Nzara”

  Did Ngundeng’s prophecies have something to do with all these, as to why no one care about who did what or responsible for the death of 2.5 millions people?

  Did well documentaries by Aljazeera titled “The struggled over the Nile” and “Sudan: The history of broken land” have something to with?

·         Did lacking of clarities by Southern rebels pay a vital role, such as New Sudan ideology 1983 SPLM/A Manifesto....."It must be reiterated that the principal objective of the SPLM is not separation for the South" and siding with some communist countries such as Russia?

·         Or what is behind all these, as to why no one is responsible for the death of 2.5 millions people? As we still digging deeper, it seems that sometimes in 1900s, 20s, 30s the British was fighting with some Southerners while some Southerners were siding with them ( the 1916-17 war against Lou Nuer of Ngundeng and Gawar Nuer of Dual Diu by British officer along with Dinka Duk Padiet and 1919-20 war against Eastern Jikany Nuer on behave of Mabani). The hostilities against Nuer administrative in late 1910s, that led British to withdraw all Nuer from Bahr el Ghazal province to bring all Nuer to Upper Nile Province in 1928. In these years there was many attempted to rule Nuer militarily by British that never happen, base on E. E. Evan Pitchard’s military diaries and DH Johnson’s book titled “Nuer Prophets” and Oxford studies of culture and ANTHOROPOLOGY. Or that war of Fashoda in 1860s between Dinka and Shilluk in presence of Turco-Egyptians army

So, the lists of unanswered questions can go on and on, but we still want to know why Hague hasn’t or International community ever try to look into this case? Why no one ever brought to justice in 21s centuries? Where everything seem to have been guided by law after creation of UN? Since South Sudan became independent now, here there are more questions that needed to be answer and Southerners should encourage themselves to dig deeper as to why there is no single person charge with all these murdered or who should be responsible for the death of 2.5 millions in South Sudan’s civil wars?

Some young educated South Sudanese are more interested and are engaging in to politic but fail to understand the real issues and chose me, me and me like little birds feed by their mother. They divided themselves under those who have no future of analysis and finding the real reason behind the longer war in the continent of Africa. In which has caused 2.5 millions lives and displace 4 millions more according to United Nation figures, with UNHCR and IOM leading the figures. The writer of this article is encourage everyone to dig deeper and try to come up with solution or add some more questions one may needed to be answer, this case to be continue…..

The writer is a South Sudanese Citizen who lives in Canada and can be reaching at chuolluke33@gmail.com

Luke Chuol

Canada